Produção de bioplástico a partir da reutilização do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

Sugarcane is a widely cultivated crop with great potential for the production of biomaterials through the reuse of its lignocellulosic residue. This study aimed to develop bioplastics from sugarcane bagasse using low-cost binding agents, such as casein glue and corn starch glue, in combination with a chemically untreated homemade resin. Artifacts such as plates, cutting boards, spoons, and toothbrush handles were fabricated and evaluated for mechanical strength, adhesion, permeability, and cost-effectiveness. The results demonstrated the superiority of the bioplastics produced with starch-based glue, yielding greater structural cohesion and improved physical performance compared to casein-based glue, which resulted in fragile and hygroscopic materials. The application of a homemade resin, composed of silicone glue and 70% ethanol, enhanced the rigidity and partial impermeability of the artifacts, presenting itself as an economically viable and environmentally friendly alternative. In contrast, epoxy resin, used for comparative purposes, exhibited high physicalmechanical performance and complete waterproofing, although its economic feasibility and sustainability were limited. These findings confirm that the reuse of sugarcane bagasse for bioplastic production is a promising alternative, reinforcing the principles of viable innovation aligned with the development of biodegradable materials and the reduction of environmental impacts.