Fraudes bancárias: análise das práticas de cobranças indevidas em empréstimos consignados realizados contra o público idoso

Abstract

This study aims to address the issues arising from abusive practices related to fraudulent loan contracts directed at elderly consumers. The wide range of strategies employed by banks and financial institutions to persuade and grant loans without the consumers’ consent is both notable and alarming. Such practices not only violate consumer rights but also reveal a clear lack of ethics, prioritizing profits at the expense of trust and the vulnerability of clients, especially the elderly. Considering the abusive practices of financial institutions against elderly consumers, this work investigates ways to mitigate the harm caused and promote peace for this vulnerable population. To achieve this, it is crucial to assess the fundamental rights of elderly consumers, identify the abusive practices committed by financial institutions, and expose the leakage of personal information by the National Social Security Institute (INSS). In this context, the research conducts a descriptive study on the perception of elderly individuals regarding consumer relations, particularly in cases of unauthorized payroll-deducted loans directly withdrawn from their social security benefits. Elderly individuals, given their vulnerabilities and limited access to information, are frequent targets of such abusive practices. This study focuses on bank fraud and undue charges, employing a hypothetical-deductive methodology. Techniques such as bibliographic reviews, jurisprudence analysis, document collection, and online article consultations were used, forming a multifaceted approach that emphasizes the exploratory and practical nature of the research. This work also aims to significantly contribute to the field of Consumer Law, focusing on the protection of elderly consumers’ rights. Through a detailed interpretation of the collected data, the study underscores the necessity of combating abusive credit offers and fraud targeting elderly consumers. The study concludes that it is imperative for the judicial system to intervene effectively, punishing banks and financial institutions that engage in fraudulent practices. Measures such as appropriate penalties and the implementation of preventive policies are essential to ensure respect for the rights of elderly consumers