O entrelaçar dos referentes em rede na construção da acessibilidade do pronome ele(s) em tirinhas de Armandinho

Abstract

In this dissertation, we discuss the accessibility of referents in comic strips. To do this, we focus on the analysis of the implicit referent identified as “he/s” in Armandinho comic strips, by Alexandre Beck, published on different social networks. It was observed, therefore, to be a writing style of the author, in his comic strips, when taking a position regarding something or someone, through the pronoun in question. Thus, the research aimed to analyze the configuration of referential networks in such comic strips, as well as to examine the factors that most contribute to the accessibility of the implicit referent “he/s” in this network construct. To this end, we propose an analysis of network accessibility that considers not only the linguistic form, but also other factors, such as multimodality, the reader's contextual and encyclopedic knowledge in the referential construction. In view of this, we rely on Ariel (1996; 2001; 2006) who proposes the theory of accessibility and its factors, on Costa (2007) and on Heusinger and Schumacher (2019), who expand the analysis on accessibility and on Matos (2018) through the notion of referential networks, a notion that we consider essential to works that aim to address the accessibility of referents, mainly, elaborated by implicit modes and multisemiotic means. A qualitative, descriptive-explanatory and documentary methodological approach was used, in which 10 comic strips featuring the character "Armandinho" were analyzed. In this apparatus, it was observed that, despite “he/s” being found to be a referent of low accessibility in the analyzed sample, there are certain factors that contributed more directly to the co-construction of this implicit referent: salience through the criterion of topicity and agentivity, of which the pronoun “he/s” is either the discursive topic or is a referent very close to the topic, in addition, the agentivity criterion of “he/s” is a factor that conditions greater accessibility; noncompetitiveness; the attractiveness of referents through anchoring relationships and encyclopedic givingness. Thus, we point out that the relational analysis of the interaction between referents can be a very fruitful way to analyze accessibility in referential construction, especially implicit referents, which can extend their understanding to an intertextual level.