O processo inferencial em atividades de compreensão leitora: um estudo de caso com alunos do 9° ano do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This study presumes that reading consists of a complex process that implies the acti-vation of the sociocognition, that is, the mobilization of cognition and the socio-cultural context. This is due to the fact that understanding implies, above all, the activation of the reader's previous knowledge and inferential production. In this context, it is believed that inferential production consists of one of the most relevant processes in the act of reading, in such a way that it can determine the result of understanding. Taking into consideration this principle and in order to contemplate the general objective which is to investigate the inferential process in reading, the following specific objectives were proposed: (i) to identify the types of inferences produced in the reading action; (ii) to describe the types of inferences produced by the reader; (iii) to verify the relevance of the inferential process for the construction of the meaning and, consequently, for read-ing comprehension; and (iv) to examine the relationship between the inferences pro-duced by the reader and the achievement of an effective reading comprehension. In this context, this study is guided mainly in the light of the works developed by basic authors in the field of reading, such as Van Dijk & Kinstsch (1983); Goodman (1991,1998); Solé (1998); Dell’Isola (2001); Rojo (2002); Marcuschi (1999, 2008); Pelandré (2002); Kleiman (2013, 2016); Koch (1993, 2002, 2005, 2009, 2018), Van Bergen et al. (2020), among others. Taking into consideration the accomplishment of the proposed objectives, this investigation was carried out through a field research. This is a case study of qualitative nature with descriptive and interpretive approaches and it was conducted at a Municipal Public School in São João da Serra- PI, with 10 students from the 9th grade of elementary school. Data collection was carried out based on three procedures, namely: the oral explanation of the understanding referring to two chronicles, the Written Record of The Reading Comprehension and the Method of the Retrospective Verbal Protocols. The analysis was performed in accordance with the inferential typology proposed by Marcuschi (2008), specifically through two cate-gories and five subcategories. The analysis allowed us to verify that readers produce different inferential types, which are directly correlated to the result of reading compre-hension. It was also observed that the majority of participants / readers had an effective understanding of the texts.