A escrita de alunos do 6° ano do ensino fundamental: um estudo dos erros ortográficos à luz da Teoria da Fonologia Natural com ênfase nos processos de acréscimo e subtração

Abstract

The production of spelling errors by elementary school students has been the focus of numerous and significant studies that are guided by different motivations. The realization of this work will be based on these researches that will serve as a guide for the categorization of these errors, taking the phonological processes of addition and subtraction, as the main object of study. This work is justified by the high rate of occurrence of spelling errors identified in the written productions of students in the 6th year of elementary school, with the general objective of analyzing spelling errors as reflections of recurrent phonological processes in the writing of these students, verifying their motivation. To undertake this research, we have defined some specific objectives, among which: i) list the spelling errors in the students' written production; ii) carry out a study on the realization of spelling errors and their phonological motivation; iii) highlight the most recurrent phonological processes based on the Theory of Natural Phonology. The research was carried out with the written production of 10 students from a class of 6th grade of Elementary School in a public school in the city of Barra do Corda - MA. In this sense, when we admit the interference of phonological processes in the acquisition of writing, we think that in order to learn to write it is necessary to recognize the oral-written relationship, thus understanding that the learning of the mother tongue is a natural and reflective process. Data were collected between the months of May to December of the year 2019, when activities were carried out to collect the corpus, consisting of the sample of spontaneous written productions of students, imagery texts for the construction of verbal texts and dictated texts. Studies on spelling errors produced by students lead us to two possibilities: errors related to the orthographic system and errors related to phonology and phonological processes. It is in this second line of study that this research was proposed. The work, in terms of objectives, is classified as exploratory and descriptive. To this end, a bibliographic research, of a qualitative nature, will be carried out, which according to Marconi (2002) is all public bibliography of the studied topic, whose purpose is to assist the researcher in carrying out the analyzes. Regarding the procedures, it is configured as field research, as the information will be collected in the classroom, based on the technique of data collection via spontaneous written production activities, with imagery texts, based on the genre of memories. . Finally, in order to carry out this research, we rely on Cagliari (2009), Marcuschi (2010), Faraco (2003), Othero (2005), Miranda and Mazetnauer (2010), Morais (2002), among others.